12. William Ellery Channing, The Perfect Life, in Twelve Discourses (Boston, 1873). I have recently discovered that the “Dr. C.” to whom Charles G. Finney refers in his Memoirs (New York, 1876), 356-357, is identified in the Ms. version at the Oberlin College Archives as William Ellery Channing.
13. Wyatt-Brown, Tappan, 131.
14. Aileen S. Kraditor, Means and Ends in American Abolitionism: Garrison and His Critics in Strategy and Tactics, 1834-1850 (New York, 1967), 59, 79-82.
15. The same, 90-91; cf. pp. 24-25, showing Garrison’s agreement with the New Divinity and, hence, with Finney and Mahan, on the nature of depravity and of free will, a context for Garrison’s thought of which Professor Kraditor is largely unaware.
16. Philip Bruce, “An Extract of a Letter . . . to Bishop Coke, dated Portsmouth, Virginia, March 25, 1788,” The Arminian Magazine (American), II (November, 1790), 563-564, came to my attention through my student, Thomas C. Johnson. Cf. the idea of sanctification as liberation from sin through love, “the inward law of the gospel, The law of the Spirit of life,” in a sermon by “Dr. Cutworth,” the same, I (September, 1789), 444- 445.
17. George Claude Baker, An Introduction to the History of Early New England Methodism, 1789-1839 (Durham, North Carolina, 1941), 37-38, 45-82;Smith, Revivalism, 154-159, 169,172, 184-185;JamesB. Finley, Dayton, Ohio, December 3, 1819, to the editor, The Methodist Magazine, III (January, 1820), 34-40, quoting statements by Indian chiefs praising the liberating power of the “good Spirit” from addiction to whiskey; “State Legislation on The Temperance Question,” The A. M. E. Christian Recorder, no. 18 (August 17, 1854), 70.
18. Norris Magnuson, Salvation in the Slums: Evangelical Social Work, 1865-1920 (Metuchen, New Jersey, 1977), 165-178 and, generally, 101-102, 117, 124-126, 140-142; Smith, Revivalism and Social Reform, 148-177; William Arthur, The Tongue of Fire; or, The True Power of Christianity (New York, 1880), 52-57, 110-132, 145-146.
19. Accounts of British Methodist overseas missions in The (American) Methodist Magazine, I (1819), 30-36, 193-200, 313-319, and passim do not refer at all to the doctrine of sanctification, though the journal shows Methodists in the United States continuously interested in the subject. For the Moravians, see their American journal, The United Brethren Missionary Intelligence and Religious Miscellany . . ., II (First Quarter, 1825), 9-10; and cf. Periodical Accounts Relating to the Missions of the Church of the United Brethren, I (1790), 7-15.
20. Robert T. Handy, A Christian America: Protestant Hopes and Historical Realities (London, 1971), 27-35; review of Thomas H. Skinner, Thoughts on Evangelizing the World (New York, 1836), in The Christian Spectator, IX (June, 1837), 291-295; and